Books: The Magic Of Oz By L. Frank Baum

1919 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.  

About The Magic Of Oz

The Magic of Oz is the thirteenth Land of Oz book written by L. Frank Baum. Published on June 7, 1919, one month after the author’s death, The Magic of Oz relates the unsuccessful attempt of the Munchkin boy Kiki Aru and former Nome King Ruggedo to conquer Oz.

The novel was dedicated to “the Children of our Soldiers, the Americans and their Allies, with unmeasured Pride and Affection.”

Release

The upsurge in sales that had greeted the previous Oz book, The Tin Woodman of Oz, in 1918 also affected The Magic of Oz, which sold 26,200 copies.  The Oz books in total sold almost twice as many copies in 1919 as in 1918, and 1918 had been an exceptionally good year.  The high sales were most likely influenced by the death of Baum earlier in 1919.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

At the top of Mount Munch lives a group of people known as the Hyups.  One of their numbers, a Munchkin named Bini Aru, discovered a method of transforming people and objects by merely saying the word “Pyrzqxgl”.  After Princess Ozma decreed that no one could practise magic in Oz except for Glinda the Good Witch and the Wizard of Oz, Bini wrote down the directions for pronouncing “Pyrzqxgl” and hid them in his magical laboratory.

When Bini and his wife are at a fair one day, their son Kiki Aru, who thirsts for adventure, finds the directions and afterwards transforms himself into a hawk and visits various countries outside the land of Oz.  When he alights in the land of Ev, Kiki Aru learns that he needs money to pay for a night’s lodging (versus Oz, where the money is not used at all) and changes himself into a magpie to steal a gold piece from an old man.  A sparrow confronts the then-human Kiki Aru with knowledge of the theft, and Kiki says that he did not know what it was like to be wicked before, he is glad that he is now.  This conversation is overheard by Ruggedo, the Nome who was exiled to the Earth’s surface in Tik-Tok of Oz, and he sees through Kiki Aru’s power a chance to get revenge on the people of Oz.

Kiki changes himself and Ruggedo into birds and they fly over the Deadly Desert into the Land of Oz.  They enter Oz as animals to escape detection by Glinda and to recruit an army of conquest from the country’s wild animal population.  When they first appear in the Forest of Gugu in the Gillikin Country, Kiki changes himself and Ruggedo into Li-Mon-Eags (fictional creatures with the heads of lions, the bodies of monkeys, and the wings of eagles as well as having the tails of donkeys) and lies that they’ve seen the people of the Emerald City plan to enslave the animal inhabitants of the Forest.  Ruggedo claims that the Li-Mon-Eags will transform the animals into humans and march on the Emerald City and transform its inhabitants into animals, driving them into the forest.  Ruggedo proves their power (for Kiki’s the only one who knows “Pyrzqxgl”) by having Kiki transform one of the leopard king Gugu’s advisors, Loo the unicorn, into a man and back again.  Gugu offers to meet with the leaders of the other animal tribes to decide on this matter of invasion.

Dorothy and the Wizard arrive with the Cowardly Lion and the Hungry Tiger in the Forest of Gugu during this council of war with a request for monkeys to train in time for Ozma’s upcoming birthday party.  Ruggedo recognizes his old enemies and inspires Kiki to begin transforming people and animals left and right — including Ruggedo, whom Kiki turns against by transforming him into a goose, a transformation that the Nome most fears because as a goose he might lay an egg.  (In Baum’s universe, all eggs are a deadly poison to nomes.)

The Wizard, whom Kiki transformed into a fox, follows the Li-Mon-Eag with his magic bag, the transformed Kiki, deep into the forest where he begins transforming monkeys into giant human soldiers.  However, Kiki makes them so big that they cannot move through the trees.  The Wizard, however, heard how to correctly pronounce “Pyrzqxgl” and first stops Kiki and Ruggedo by transforming them into a walnut and a hickory nut.  Then the Wizard resumes his rightful form and changes Dorothy, the Cowardly Lion, the Hungry Tiger, and Gugu back to their forms, and he agrees to change the soldiers back into monkeys.  The Wizard recruits several of the grateful monkeys and shrinks them down to bring them back to the Emerald City and train.

On arriving there, Dorothy and the Wizard are dispatched to a magic island where Cap’n Bill and Trot went to get a magic flower for Ozma’s birthday.  However, the island itself causes anything living that touches it to take root there, and that is how the sailor and his friend are found when Dorothy and the Wizard arrive.  The Wizard uses “Pyrzqxgl” to change Cap’n Bill and Trot into honeybees which narrowly avoid being eaten by the Cowardly Lion and the Hungry Tiger.  When they are human again, Cap’n Bill retrieves the flower by strapping a wood plank onto his good leg, walks with that and his wooden leg onto the island, and retrieves the flower.

Back at the Emerald City, Ozma and her friends celebrate her birthday (though without quite the pomp and fanfare from The Road to Oz) and then decide how to deal with the evil magicians transformed into nuts.  The Wizard uses “Pyrzqxgl” to change them back to Kiki Aru and Ruggedo and make them thirsty enough to drink the Water of Oblivion, which will make them forget all that they have ever known.  The now-blank slate Kiki Aru and Ruggedo will live in the Emerald City and learn to be good and kind.

Read more about The Magic Of Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.   

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1919 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz. 

Books: The Tin Woodman Of Oz By L. Frank Baum

1918 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.   

About The Tin Woodman Of Oz

The Tin Woodman of Oz is the twelfth Land of Oz book written by L. Frank Baum and was originally published on May 13, 1918.  The Tin Woodman is reunited with his Munchkin sweetheart Nimmie Amee from the days when he was flesh and blood.  This was a back-story from Baum’s 1900 novel, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.

The book was dedicated to the author’s grandson Frank Alden Baum.

Context And Reception

The Tin Woodman of Oz provides the backstory for Oz itself; it was not always a fairyland and became one by being enchanted by the Fairy Queen Lurline, who left a fairy behind to rule it.  In Glinda of Oz Ozma says that she herself was that fairy, though in The Marvelous Land of Oz we are told of her restoration to a throne long held by her ancestors.

In any event, this novel marks a clear maturation of Ozma’s character, now said to appear significantly older than Dorothy (in Ozma of Oz they appeared the same age) and a fairy working her own innate magic.

Baum’s Oz books had entered a trend of declining sales after 1910.  The Tin Woodman of Oz reversed this trend; its first-year sales of 18,600 were enough to make it a bestselling success.  Significantly, the sales of earlier Oz titles also rebounded from previous declines, many selling 3000 copies that year, and two, The Marvelous Land of Oz (1904) and the previous year’s The Lost Princess of Oz (1917), selling 4000 copies. Baum earned $6,742.52 from his Oz books that year.  In 1918 the average annual salary of a clerical worker was $940.  Even Baum’s non-Oz-related early works were affected by the upsurge: John Dough and the Cherub (1906) sold 1,562 copies in 1918.

The reason for this reversal of fortune is harder to specify.  The psychological shock of the trench-warfare carnage of World War I may have inspired a wave of nostalgia for a simpler time, with Baum’s books representing a lost age of innocence.

A new edition of the book was illustrated by Dale Ulrey in 1955.  She illustrated a new edition of The Wizard of Oz for Reilly & Lee the following year, but sales did not warrant her continuing to provide new illustrations.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

The Tin Woodman and the Scarecrow are regaling each other with tales at the Woodman’s palace in the Winkie Country when a Gillikin boy named Woot wanders in.  After he is fed and rested, Woot asks the Woodman how he came to be made of tin.

He relates how the Wicked Witch of the East enchanted his axe and caused him to chop his body parts off limb by limb because he was in love with her ward, Nimmie Amee.  Each chopped limb was replaced by the tinsmith Ku-Klip with a counterpart made of tin.  (Since Oz is a fairyland, no one can die, even when the parts of their body are separated from each other unless those people are witches and someone drops a house onto them. )  Without a heart, the Tin Woodman felt he could no longer love Nimmie Amee and he left her.  Dorothy and the Scarecrow found him after he had rusted in the forest (an event-related in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz) and went with him to the Emerald City where the Wizard gave him a heart.  Woot suggests that the heart may have made him kind, but it did not make him loving, or he would have returned to Nimmie Amee.  This shames the Tin Woodman and inspires him to journey to the Munchkin Country and find her.

The Tin Woodman, the Scarecrow, and Woot journey into the Gillikin Country and encounter the inflatable Loons of Loonville, whom they escape by popping several of them.  They descend into Yoop Valley, where the giantess Mrs. Yoop dwells, who transforms the travellers into animals for her amusement, just as she has already done to Polychrome, the Rainbow’s Daughter.  Woot steals a magic apron that opens doors and barriers at the wearer’s request, enabling the four to escape.  Woot, as a green monkey, narrowly avoids becoming a jaguar’s meal by descending further into a den of subterranean dragons.  After escaping that ordeal, Woot, the Tin Woodman as a tin owl, the Scarecrow as a straw-stuffed bear, and Polychrome as a canary turn south into the Munchkin Country.

They arrive at the farm of Jinjur, who renews her acquaintance with them and sends them to the Emerald City for help.  Dorothy and Ozma arrive and Ozma easily restores the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman to their rightful forms.  Polychrome takes several steps to restore to her true form.  However, Ozma discovers that the Green Monkey into which Woot is transformed has to be someone’s form; it cannot be destroyed.  Polychrome suggests as a punishment for wickedness that Mrs. Yoop the giantess be made into the Green Monkey, and Ozma thus succeeds in restoring Woot to his proper form.

The Tin Woodman, the Scarecrow, Woot, and Polychrome resume their quest and come upon the spot where the Tin Woodman had rusted and find another tin man there.  After they oil his joints, he identifies himself as Captain Fyter, a soldier who courted Nimmie Amee after the Woodman had left her.  The Wicked Witch of the East had made Fyter’s sword do what the Woodman’s axe had done—cut off his limbs, which Ku-Klip replaced with tin limbs.  He does not have a heart either, but this does not bother him.  However, he can rust, which he does one day during a rainstorm.  Both woodmen now seek the heart of Nimmie Amee, agreeing to let her choose between them.

The five come to the dwelling of the tinsmith Ku-Klip where the Tin Woodman talks to himself—that is, to the head of the man (Nick Chopper) he once was.  The Tin Woodman and the Tin Soldier also find a barrel of assorted body parts that once belonged to each of them, but some, like Captain Fyter’s head, are conspicuously missing.  Ku-Klip reveals that he used Fyter’s head and many body parts from each of them (which never decayed) to create his assistant Chopfyt.  Chopfyt complained about missing an arm until Ku-Klip made him a tin one, and he departed for the east.

The companions leave Ku-Klip and continue east themselves to find Nimmie Amee and find themselves crossing the Invisible Country, where a massive Hip-po-gy-raf helps them across in return for the Scarecrow’s straw.  Reluctantly, he gives it and consents to being stuffed with available hay, which makes his movements awkward.  They rest for the night at the house of Professor and Mrs. Swynne, pigs whose nine children live in the Emerald City under the care of the Wizard.

They leave the Swynnes and arrive at the foot of Mount Munch on the eastern border of the Munchkin Country.  At its summit is a cottage where a rabbit tells them Nimmie Amee now lives happily.  The Tin Woodman and Tin Soldier knock and are admitted by Nimmie Amee, who is now married to Chopfyt.  She refuses to leave her domestic life, even to become Empress of the Winkies (which she would become as the Tin Woodman’s wife), saying “All I ask is to be left alone and not be disturbed by visitors.”  The four return to the Emerald City and relate their adventures.  Woot is allowed free rein to roam where he pleases, Captain Fyter is dispatched by Ozma to guard duty in the Gillikin Country, and the Tin Woodman and Scarecrow return to his palace in the Winkie Country where the story began.

Read more about The Tin Woodman Of Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1918 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.  

Books: The Lost Princess Of Oz By L. Frank Baum

1917 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.      

About The Lost Princess Of Oz

The Lost Princess of Oz is the eleventh canonical Oz book written by L. Frank Baum.  Published on June 5, 1917, it begins with the disappearance of Princess Ozma, the ruler of Oz and covers Dorothy and the Wizard’s efforts to find her.  The introduction to the book states that its inspiration was a letter a young girl had written to Baum: “I suppose if Ozma ever got hurt or losted [sic], everybody would be sorry.”

The book was dedicated to the author’s newborn granddaughter Ozma Baum, child of his youngest son Kenneth Gage Baum.

Ruth Plumly Thompson borrowed the plot of this novel for her 1937 Oz book Handy Mandy in Oz. The Frogman and Cayke’s dishpan re-appear in Jeff Freedman’s 1994 novel The Magic Dishpan of Oz.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

Dorothy has risen from bed for the day and is seeing to her friends in the Emerald City and notices that Ozma has not awakened yet.  Dorothy goes into Ozma’s chambers only to find she is not there.

Glinda awakens in her palace in the Quadling Country and finds her Great Book of Records is missing. She goes to prepare a magic spell to find it- only to see her magic tools are gone as well.  She dispatches a messenger to the Emerald City to relay news of the theft.  Receiving the news, the Wizard hastily offers his magic tools to assist Glinda, however, these are missing as well.  Glinda, Dorothy, and the Wizard organize search parties to find Ozma and the missing magic.  Accompanying them are Button-Bright, Trot, and Betsy Bobbin. Dorothy and the Wizard’s party begins to search the Winkie Country to the west of the Emerald City.

Meanwhile, in the southwestern corner of the Winkie Country on a plateau belonging to the Yips, and Cayke the cookie cook has had her diamond-studded gold dishpan stolen.  The self-proclaimed adviser to the Yips, a human-sized dandy of a frog called the Frogman, hears Cayke’s story and offers to help her find the dishpan.  When they have gotten down the mountain, Cayke reveals to the Frogman that the dishpan has magic powers, for her cookies come out perfect every time.

Dorothy, the Wizard, and their party enter the previously unknown communities of Thi and Herku.  The citizens of Thi are ruled by the High Coco-Lorum (really the King, but the people do not know it) and repeat the same story about the Herkus: they keep giants for their slaves.  In the Great Orchard between Thi and Herku, the party enjoys a variety of fruits. Button-Bright eats from the one peach tree in the orchard.  When he reaches the peach’s centre he discovers it to be made of gold.  He pockets the gold peach pit to show Dorothy, Betsy, and Trot later – despite warnings from the local animals that the evil Ugu the Shoemaker has enchanted it.

In the city of Herku, Dorothy and the Wizard’s party are greeted by the emaciated but jovial Czarover of Herku, who has invented a pure energy compound called zosozo that can make his people strong enough to keep giants as slaves.  The Czarover offers them six doses to use in their travels and casually reveals that Ugu the Shoemaker came from Herku.  Ugu found magic books in his attic one day because he was descended from the greatest enchanter ever known and learned over time to do a great many magical things.  The Shoemaker has since moved from Herku and built a castle high in the mountains.  This clue leads Dorothy and the Wizard to think that Ugu might be behind all the recent thefts of magic and the ruler of Oz.  They proceed from Herku toward the castle and meet with the Frogman, Cayke the Cookie Cook, and the Lavender Bear the stuffed bear who rules Bear Center.  Lavender Bear carries the Little Pink Bear, a small wind-up toy that can answer any question about the past put to it.

When the combined party arrives at Ugu’s castle, Button-Bright is separated from them and falls into a pit.  Before they rescue him, the Wizard asks the Little Pink Bear where Ozma is and it says that she is in the pit, too.  After Button-Bright is let out of the pit, the Little Pink Bear says that she is there among the party.  Unsure what to make of this seeming contradiction, the party advances toward the castle.  Sure enough, Ugu is the culprit and the castle’s magical defences are techniques from Glinda and the Wizard.  Upon overcoming these, the party finds themselves standing before the thief himself.

Ugu uses magic to send the room spinning and retreats.  Dorothy stops it by making a wish with the magic belt.  She uses its power to turn Ugu into a dove, but he modifies the enchantment so he retains human size and aggressive nature.  Fighting his way past Dorothy and her companions, Ugu the dove uses Cayke’s diamond-studded dishpan to flee to the Quadling Country.

Once the magic tools are recovered, the conquering search party turns their attention to finding Ozma.  The Little Pink Bear reveals that Ozma is being carried in Button-Bright’s jacket pocket, where he placed the gold peach pit. The  Wizard opens it with a knife, and Ozma is released from where Ugu had imprisoned her.  She was kidnapped by Ugu when she came upon him stealing her and the Wizard’s magic instruments.

The people of the Emerald City and Ozma’s friends all celebrate her return.  Days later, the transformed Ugu flies in to see Dorothy and ask her forgiveness for what he did.  She offers it and offers to change him back with the Magic Belt, but Ugu has decided that he likes being a dove much better.

Read more about The Lost Princess Of Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.   

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1917 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.  

Books: Rinkitink In Oz By L. Frank Baum

1916 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.   

About Rinkitink In Oz

Rinkitink in Oz is the tenth book in the Land of Oz series written by L. Frank Baum.  It was published on June 20, 1916, with full-colour and black-and-white illustrations by artist John R. Neill.  It is notable that most of the action takes place outside of Oz, and no character from Oz appears in the book until its climax; this is due to Baum’s having originally written most of the book as a fantasy novel unrelated to his Oz books over ten years earlier, in 1905.

The book was dedicated to the author’s newborn grandson Robert Alison Baum, the first child of the author’s second son Robert Stanton Baum.

Reissue

In 1939, Rinkitink in Oz was one of six Oz books specially reissued by Rand McNally in a condensed, small-format junior edition for young readers, as a promotion for the MGM film of The Wizard of Oz.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

Prince Inga is the son of King Kitticut and Queen Garee, who rules the island kingdom of Pingaree.  Kitticut tells Inga that years earlier when armies from the neighbouring islands of Regos and Coregos attempted to invade and conquer Pingaree, they were repelled by Kitticut himself with the aid of three magic pearls.  The blue pearl gives its bearer superhuman strength, the pink pearl protects him from any harm, and the white pearl speaks words of wisdom.

The jovial fat King Rinkitink of Gilgad arrives in Pingaree on royal holiday and remains as Kitticut’s guest for several weeks.  Rinkitink usually rides Bilbil, a surly talking goat.  One day invaders from Regos and Coregos arrive again and seize King Kitticut before he can reach his magic pearls.  All the people are carried into slavery, except Inga and Rinkitink who escape along with Bilbil.  Inga resolves to free his people with the aid of the magic pearls.  Keeping the pearls secret from Rinkitink, he hides them in his shoes and the three sail to Regos.

The wicked King Gos of Regos and his army are easily defeated by the strength and invulnerability of Inga, and they flee to the neighbouring island of Coregos, ruled by the equally wicked Queen Cor.  Inga and Rinkitink sleep in the palace, but the next morning both shoes along with the pink and blue pearls they contain are accidentally lost.  The shoes are found by a poor charcoal-burner, who takes them home to give to his daughter Zella.  Queen Cor arrives on Regos and captures the now powerless Inga and Rinkitink, and brings them back to Coregos.

Zella, wearing the shoes but unaware of the power they convey, travels to the palace on Coregos to sell honey to Queen Cor.  Inga sees her and, recognizing her shoes, trades shoes with her.  Again possessing the pearls, he overpowers Cor who escapes and flees to Regos. Inga frees the enslaved people of Pingaree, who sail back home.  However, his parents are still captives of Gos and Cor, who take them to the neighbouring country of the subterranean Nomes and pay the Nome King Kaliko to use his magic to keep them captive.

Inga, Rinkitink and Bilbil arrive in the Nome Kingdom.  For safety, Rinkitink carries the pink pearl which confers invulnerability.  The Nome King refuses to release Inga’s parents because of his promise to Cor and Gos, although he claims to bear no animosity toward the travellers.  Rinkitink and Inga sleep in the Nome King’s palace that night, but in the morning Kaliko attempts to kill both of them by various devious traps.  Both escape by means of the power of the pearls they carry.

In Oz, Dorothy learns of these events and travels to the Nome Kingdom with the Wizard of Oz to confront Kaliko.  She forces him to release Inga’s parents.  Reunited with Inga, they all travel to Oz.  The Wizard discovers that Bilbil is actually Prince Bobo of Boboland who has been turned into a goat by a cruel magician.  He and Glinda are able to restore him to human form, which also cures his disagreeable disposition.

Inga, his parents, Rinkitink, and Bobo return to the rebuilt island of Pingaree. Soon afterwards, a boat arrives from Gilgad to take Rinkitink back home.  Rinkitink objects that he does not want to return to his royal duties, but eventually is persuaded to return, accompanied by his friend Prince Bobo.

Read more about Rinkitink In Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.   

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1916 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.  

Books: The Scarecrow Of Oz By L. Frank Baum

1915 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

About The Scarecrow Of Oz

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.   

The Scarecrow of Oz is the ninth book set in the Land of Oz written by L. Frank Baum.  Published on July 16, 1915, it was Baum’s personal favourite of the Oz books and tells of Cap’n Bill and Trot journeying to Oz and, with the help of the Scarecrow, overthrowing the cruel King Krewl of Jinxland.  Cap’n Bill and Trot (Mayre Griffiths) had previously appeared in two other novels by Baum, The Sea Fairies and Sky Island.

Background

The novel is dedicated to The Uplifters of Los Angeles. The Lofty and Exalted Order of Uplifters, a select subgroup of the elite Los Angeles Athletic Club, was a social and fraternal organization of prominent southern California businessmen and public figures.  Baum had been active in the group since he first moved to Los Angeles in 1909 and served among the Excelsiors, the group’s governing board.  He also wrote and acted in their shows and he played the bass drum in their band.

A small group of Uplifters were the key investors in The Oz Film Manufacturing Company, organized to make movies of Baum books and stories.  The investors put up $100,000; Baum was named president and received a block of stock in the company in payment for the cinema rights to his works.  The company’s first project was a film of The Patchwork Girl of Oz; and its second project, released in October 1914, was His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz, produced at a cost of $23,500, and with a cast (according to the not-always factually reliable Baum) of 130.

Baum hoped that the movie would be a success, and provide a big publicity boost to the Scarecrow novel to follow in 1915.  Things did not quite work out as the optimistic author hoped; the film did not earn enough to cover its costs.  The first edition of the novel sold around 14,300 copies, only a couple hundred more than its predecessor, Tik-Tok of Oz—though in the long run, The Scarecrow of Oz would be one of the more popular instalments in the Oz series.

Like Tik-Tok, Scarecrow contains a significant romantic element—the Rose Princess and Private Files in the former, and Gloria and Pon in the latter—that was not typical of the earlier Oz books.  Perhaps this was a factor in the books’ limited reception.  In adapting his children’s stories for stage and film versions, Baum had to compromise between appealing to children and to adults.  His films suffered with audiences because of this conflict in audience expectation.  Perhaps this confusion affected the sales of the books as well, to some degree.

Although the journey of an American child to Oz had long been a favourite plot for Baum, this work represented its last appearance: no more children would be inducted into Oz for the duration of his work on the series

The Ork, voiced by Peter MacNicol, appeared in an episode of The Oz Kids.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

Cap’n Bill, a sailor with a wooden peg-leg, and his friend, a little girl named Trot, set out from California on a calm day for a short ride in their rowboat.  A freak whirlpool capsizes their boat and pulls them underwater, where they are carried by mermaids (referred to but not seen) to a cave.  They are soon joined by a flying creature called an Ork.  Passing through a dark tunnel out of the cave, the three arrive at an island inhabited by a grim man calling himself Pessim the Observer.  Cap’n Bill and Trot reduce their size by eating magic shrinking-berries, and the Ork carries them away from the island to the land of Mo, where they eat another type of magic berries and resume their normal size.

They meet the Bumpy Man, who specializes in serving sugar and molasses and has some of their appearance too.  After dining on Mo rain (lemonade) and Mo snow (popcorn), they run into Button-Bright, the boy from The Road to Oz who has gotten lost again.  Cap’n Bill calls down some of the native birds (who, like all birds in fairy countries, can talk back) and offers them the growing berries to make them large enough to carry himself, Trot, and Button-Bright to the land of Oz.  When they make it across the desert, Button-Bright, Cap’n Bill, and Trot are set down in a field and the Ork leaves them to find his own country, which he got lost from on a routine flight.

The place Button-Bright, Cap’n Bill, and Trot have arrived in, Jinxland, is cut off from the rest of Oz by a range of high mountains and a bottomless crevice.  The kingdom has had a turbulent recent history.  The rightful king of Jinxland, King Kynd, was removed by his prime minister Phearse, who was in turn removed by his prime minister Krewl who now rules over the land.  An unpleasant but wealthy citizen named Googly-Goo seeks to marry King Kynd’s daughter, Princess Gloria; however, she is in love with Pon, the current gardener’s boy, who is the son of the first usurper Phearse. King Krewl and Googly-Goo hire a witch named Blinkie to freeze Gloria’s heart so that she will no longer love Pon.  Cap’n Bill happens on this plot, and to keep him from interfering, Blinkie turns him into a grasshopper.  She then freezes Gloria’s heart. Googly-Goo proposes to her, but now that her heart is frozen, she does not love anyone at all, including Googly-Goo, whose proposal she scornfully declines.

The Scarecrow is at Glinda’s palace in the Quadling Country and learns about these events from reading Glinda’s Great Book of Records, a magical volume that transcribes every event in the world at the instant it happens.  The Scarecrow wants to help Cap’n Bill, Button-Bright, and Trot, and Glinda sends him to Jinxland with some of her magic to aid him.  The Scarecrow travels to Jinxland and joins forces with Trot, Cap’n Bill (who is still a grasshopper), and the Ork, who flies off to his homeland for reinforcements.  The Scarecrow attempts to depose Krewl and is captured, with Googly-Goo suggesting the Scarecrow be burned, but then the Ork arrives just in time with fifty other Orks, who attack the Jinxlanders and turn the tables on Krewl.  The victorious party then arrives at Blinkie’s and makes her undo her magic on Cap’n Bill and Princess Gloria by using a magic powder to shrink her in size.  When she has undone her evil spells, the Scarecrow stops Blinkie’s shrinking, but she remains at a small size and loses all her magic powers.

Gloria takes the throne of Jinxland and elevates Pon to be her royal consort, and the Scarecrow, Button-Bright, Cap’n Bill, Trot, and the Orks return to the Emerald City for a celebration.

Read more about The The Scarecrow Of Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.   

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1915 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.  

Books: Tik-Tok Of Oz By L. Frank Baum

1914 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.   

About Tik-Tok Of Oz

Tik-Tok of Oz is the eighth Land of Oz book written by L. Frank Baum, published on June 19, 1914.  The book has little to do with Tik-Tok and is primarily the quest of the Shaggy Man (introduced in The Road to Oz) to rescue his brother and his resulting conflict with the Nome King.

The endpapers of the first edition held maps: one of Oz itself, and one of the continents on which Oz and its neighbouring countries belonged.  These were the first maps printed of Oz.

Commentary

In 1913, Baum’s long-delayed and heavily-adapted stage version of Ozma of Oz, re-titled The Tik-Tok Man of Oz, was produced in Los Angeles, with moderate success.  The music was composed by Louis F. Gottschalk, Baum’s favourite composer, who would also be the dedicatee of the Tik-Tok novel a year later.  Baum adapted some of the material from the stage production for the novel.  As in Ozma of Oz, a shipwreck precipitates the heroine into her adventure, and the quest of the Shaggy Man for his brother, who was named Wiggy in the play, is another attempt to rescue a prisoner of the Nome King.  The picking of Ozga is a motif found in Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz.

The book has several continuity errors with earlier books in the series, particularly The Road to Oz.  Whereas Polychrome met the Shaggy Man in that book, this point is neglected by Baum in Tik-Tok.  Also, whereas the Shaggy Man merely needs to carry the Love Magnet on his person for it to work in The Road to Oz, in this book it is necessary for him to remove it from his pocket and physically show it to those he wishes to love him.

Tik-Tok of Oz was more modestly produced than earlier Oz books, with twelve colour plates instead of sixteen.  Its first edition sold a little over 14,000 copies — a respectable figure, but 3,000 fewer than The Patchwork Girl of Oz had done the year before.  Baum’s books were facing stiff new competition — from his own earlier books.  The reprint house M. A. Donohue & Co. had purchased the rights to several early Baum works from Bobbs-Merrill, and was marketing cut-rate editions.  People were less willing to pay the usual $1.25 for a new Oz book when the original Wizard of Oz was selling for $0.35.

Tik-Tok of Oz also contained the first map of Oz and its neighbouring countries, which proved to be a very popular feature.  Unfortunately for the principle of consistency, this initial map of Oz was drawn backwards, with the Munchkin Country in the left and the Winkie Country in the right, with the compass rose reversed to keep the Munchkin Country in the east and the Winkie Country in the west.  Subsequent maps from the publisher corrected the compass rose, but not the locations.  This may explain why Ruth Plumly Thompson reversed the locations from Baum’s — in her books the Munchkin country is west; and her Winkies East (see for instance Ozoplaning with the Wizard of Oz but also in several other books).  James E. Haff and Dick Martin ultimately corrected these in new maps designed for The International Wizard of Oz Club.  A squarish map that largely follows Haff and Martin appears in The Dictionary of Imaginary Places.  The presence of a Davy Jones Island on this map indicates that the inclusion of the character Davy Jones, a wooden whale, as a decoration on the map, was misinterpreted by the book’s recartographers, as no such place appears in any Oz books up to that book’s publication.

The 1993 novel Queen Ann in Oz is a sequel to Tik-Tok of Oz.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

Queen Ann Soforth of Oogaboo, a small monarchy separated from the rest of Oz’s Winkie Country, sets out to raise an army to conquer Oz.  Seventeen men eventually make up the Army of Oogaboo (sixteen officers and one private); they march out of their valley. Glinda the Good, protector of Oz, magically rearranges the path through the mountains and Queen Ann and her army march out of Oz into a low-lying, befogged country.

Betsy Bobbin, a girl who is a year older than Dorothy Gale, and her loyal mule Hank have washed ashore during a storm.  They arrive at a large greenhouse that is the domain of the Rose Kingdom, where the roses tell them that no strangers are allowed.  Just as the Royal Gardener (apparently the only human allowed in this flowery kingdom) is about to pass a sentence on Betsy and Hank, the Shaggy Man falls through the greenhouse’s roof, and charms the Gardener into sparing all of their lives with his Love Magnet.  The flowers, not having hearts, are unaffected by the Magnet, and force the travellers to leave, taking with them the newly plucked Rose Princess Ozga, a cousin of Ozma, the ruler of Oz.

The Shaggy Man relates how Ozma sent him here via the Magic Belt because he wanted to find his brother, who went digging underground in Colorado and disappeared.  He surmised that the Nome King, ruler of the underground Nome Kingdom, captured him.  They meet up with Polychrome the Rainbow’s Daughter, and they rescue Tik-Tok from the well where the Nome King had tossed him.  Once Tik-Tok is wound up, he accompanies Betsy, Hank, the Shaggy Man, Ozga, and Polychrome to their chance encounter with Queen Ann and her army.  In a rage, Queen Ann orders them to be seized and bound, but Private Files — the only private in this army of generals, colonels, and majors — refuses to bind innocent girls.  He resigns his commission on the spot.  When Queen Ann learns of the riches to be found in the Nome King’s underground kingdom, she calms down and accepts the services of Tik-Tok as her new private.

The Nome King (who has recovered from having drunk the Water of Oblivion in The Emerald City of Oz) is aghast at this group coming toward his underground kingdom.  Since no one can be killed in Oz, the Nome King seeks to discourage them, first by taking them through the Rubber Country, and then disposing of them by dropping them through the Hollow Tube, a conduit leading to the other side of the world.

There the party enters the jurisdiction of the immortal called Tittiti-Hoochoo, the Great Jinjin, who vows to punish the Nome King for using the Hollow Tube.  He sends Tik-Tok and the others back with his Instrument of Vengeance, a lackadaisical dragon named Quox.  Quox and his riders bound from the other end of the Tube into an army of Nomes and narrowly evade them.  Queen Ann and the Army of Oogaboo fall into the Slimy Cave when they enter the Nome Kingdom; the Shaggy Man and his companions are captured by the Nome King.  Ann and her army escape the cave while the Nome King amuses himself by transforming his captives into various objects.  Quox arrives, bursting through the main cavern.  The Nome King sees the ribbon around Quox’s neck and forgets all the magic he ever knew.  The Nome King is driven out of his kingdom when Quox releases six eggs from the padlock around his neck.  The eggs, poisonous to Nomes, follow the Nome King to the Earth’s surface and confine him there.

The new Nome King, the former chief steward Kaliko, vows to help the Shaggy Man find his brother, whom he knows is in the Metal Forest.  The Shaggy Man meets his brother in the centre of the Forest, but the brother was cursed with a charm of ugliness by the former Nome King.  A kiss will break a charm.  First Betsy, a mortal maid, tries to undo the spell, then Ozga, a mortal maid who was once a fairy.  Finally, it’s the fairy Polychrome’s kiss that restores the Shaggy Man’s brother to his former self.

There is a banquet of rejoicing in the Nome Kingdom, and the former Nome King earnestly pleads to be let back into the underground lair (“No Nome can really be happy except underground”), which Kaliko allows on condition that he behave himself.  Once on the surface again, Polychrome ascends her rainbow and Ozma uses the magic belt to bring Tik-Tok back to Oz and send Queen Ann, the Army of Oogaboo, Files, and Ozga back to Oogaboo.  The Shaggy Man only agrees to return when his brother, Betsy, and Hank are allowed to enter Oz too.

Upon being welcomed in Oz, Hank, the Cowardly Lion, the Hungry Tiger, and the Saw-Horse debate who is the best mistress — Betsy (for Hank), Dorothy (for both the Lion and the Tiger), or Ozma (for the Saw-Horse).  The three girls are listening and laugh at a silly quarrel, which the animals realize is silly too.  In addition, Dorothy finally gets to hear her dog Toto speak — for all animals can in the Land of Oz.  Finally, Betsy decides to stay in Oz forever.

Read more about The Tik-Tok Of Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.   

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1914 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.  

Books: The Patchwork Girl Of Oz By L. Frank Baum

1913 first edition front cover image is © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.   

About The Patchwork Girl Of Oz

The Patchwork Girl of Oz by L. Frank Baum is a children’s novel, the seventh in the Oz series.  Characters include the Woozy, Ojo “the Unlucky”, Unc Nunkie, Dr. Pipt, Scraps (the patchwork girl), and others.  The book was first published on July 1, 1913, with illustrations by John R. Neill.  In 1914, Baum adapted the book to film through his Oz Film Manufacturing Company.

In the previous Oz book, The Emerald City of Oz, magic was used to isolate Oz from all contact with the outside world.  Baum did this to end the Oz series but was forced to restart the series with this book due to financial hardship.  In the prologue, he reconciles Oz’s isolation with the appearance of a new Oz book by explaining that he contacted Dorothy in Oz via wireless telegraphy, and she obtained Ozma’s permission to tell Baum this story.

The book was dedicated to Sumner Hamilton Britton, the young son of one of its publishers, Sumner Charles Britton of Reilly & Britton.

Background And Analysis

In reference to The Patchwork Girl of Oz, one of Baum’s letters to his publisher, Sumner Britton of Reilly & Britton, offers unusual insight into Baum’s manner of creating his Oz fantasies:

“A lot of thought is required on one of these fairy tales.  The odd characters are a sort of inspiration, liable to strike me at any time, but the plot and plan of adventures takes me considerable time…I live with it day by day, jotting down on odd slips of paper the various ideas that occur and in this way getting my materials together.  The new Oz book is at this stage….But…it’s a long way from being ready for the printer yet.  I must rewrite it, stringing the incidents into consecutive order, elaborating the characters, etc.  Then it’s typewritten.  Then it’s revised, re typewritten and sent on to Reilly and Britton.”

The same correspondence (November 23–7, 1912) discusses the deleted Chapter 21 of the book, The Garden of Meats.  The text of the chapter has not survived, but Neill’s illustrations and their captions still exist.  The deleted chapter dealt with a race of vegetable people comparable to the Mangaboos in Chapters 4–6 of Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz.  The vegetable people grow what Baum elsewhere calls “meat people,” apparently for food; Neill’s pictures show plants with the heads of human children being watered by their growers.  This is thematically connected with the anthropophagous plants in Chapter 10 of Patchwork Girl.  Frank Reilly tactfully wrote to Baum that the material was not “in harmony with your other fairy stories,” and would generate “considerable adverse criticism.”  Baum saw his point; the chapter was dropped.

At least at one point in his life, Baum stated that he considered The Patchwork Girl of Oz “one of the two best books of my career”, the other being The Sea FairiesThe book was a popular success, selling just over 17,000 copies—though this was somewhat lower than the total for the previous book, The Emerald City of Oz, and marked the start of a trend in declining sales for the Oz books that would not reverse until The Tin Woodman of Oz in 1918.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

Ojo, known as Ojo the Unlucky, lives in poverty with his laconic uncle Unc Nunkie in the woods of the Munchkin Country in Oz.  They visit their neighbour, the magician Dr. Pipt who is about to complete the six-year process of preparing the magical Powder of Life, which can bring inanimate objects to life.  Pipt’s wife has constructed a life-sized stuffed girl out of patchwork and wishes her husband to animate her to serve as an obedient household servant.  They also meet another of Pipt’s creations, Bungle, an extremely vain talking cat made of glass.  The Powder of Life successfully animates the patchwork girl, but an accident causes both Pipt’s wife and Unc Nunkie to be turned to stone.  Dr. Pipt tells Ojo that he must obtain five ingredients to make a compound to counteract the petrifaction spell.

Ojo and the patchwork girl, who calls herself Scraps, along with Bungle, embark on a journey to obtain the magic ingredients: a six-leaved clover, the wing of a yellow butterfly, water from a dark well, a drop of oil from a live man’s body, and three hairs from a Woozy’s tail.  Scraps exhibits a wild, carefree personality, and is prone to a spontaneous recitation of nonsense poetry.  After several adventures, they meet a Woozy, a blocky quadruped who agrees to let them have three hairs from its tail.  But they are unable to remove the hairs, so they take the Woozy along with them.

The party is captured by large animate plants, but they are rescued by the fortuitous arrival of the Shaggy Man.  He leads them to the Emerald City to meet Princess Ozma but warns Ojo that picking a six-leaved clover is forbidden by law in Oz.  Along the way, they meet the Scarecrow, who is quite smitten with Scraps, as she is with him.  Just outside the Emerald City, Ojo sees a six-leaved clover by the road and, believing himself to be unobserved, picks it.  When they arrive at the city gates, the Soldier with the Green Whiskers approaches them and announces that Ojo is under arrest.

Brought to trial before Ozma, Ojo confesses and Ozma pardons him and allows him to keep the clover.  Dorothy and the Scarecrow join Ojo and Scraps as they continue their search for the remaining ingredients. Along the way, they meet Jack Pumpkinhead, the playful but annoying Tottenhots, and the man-eating 21-foot-tall giant Mr. Yoop, before reaching the subterranean dwellings of the Hoppers, who each have just one leg, and the neighbouring Horners, who each have one horn on their head.  The two groups are on the verge of war due to a misunderstanding, but Scraps reconciles them.  A grateful Horner leads the group to a well in a dark radium mine, and Ojo collects a flask of water from it.

The group continues to the castle of the Tin Woodsman who rules the Winkie Country, since yellow butterflies are most likely to be found in that yellow-dominated quadrant of Oz.  While talking to the Tin Woodsman, Ojo notices a drop of oil about to drip from his body, and he catches it in a vial.  He explains that he now has all the ingredients except one.  But when he describes the last one, the Tin Woodsman is horrified at the idea of killing an innocent butterfly and forbids them from doing so in his realm.  Ojo is devastated, but the Tin Woodsman proposes that they all travel back to the Emerald City to ask Ozma’s advice.

Ozma tells them that Dr. Pipt has been practising magic illegally and has therefore been deprived of his powers.  But the petrified Unc Nunkie and Pipt’s wife have been brought to the Emerald City and as they all watch, the Wizard of Oz restores them to life.  Ojo and Unc Nunkie are given a new house to live in near the Emerald City and the Tin Woodsman calls Ojo “Ojo the Lucky”.

Read more about The Patchwork Girl Of Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.   

Blog Posts

Links

The 1913 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz. 

Books: The Emerald City Of Oz By L. Frank Baum

1910 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.  

About The Emerald City Of Oz

The Emerald City of Oz is the sixth of L. Frank Baum’s fourteen Land of Oz books.  It was also adapted into a Canadian animated film in 1987.  Originally published on July 20, 1910, it is the story of Dorothy Gale and her Uncle Henry and Aunt Em coming to live in Oz permanently.  While they are toured through the Quadling Country, the Nome King is assembling allies for an invasion of Oz.  This is the first time in the Oz series that Baum made use of double plots for one of the books.

Baum had intended to cease writing Oz stories with this book, but financial pressures prompted him to write and publish The Patchwork Girl of Oz, with seven other Oz books to follow.

The book was dedicated to Her Royal Highness Cynthia II of Syracuse — actually the daughter (born in the previous year, 1909) of the author’s younger brother Henry Clay “Harry” Baum.

Commentary

The Emerald City of Oz contains more material on the social organization of Oz than most of the earlier books, and as a consequence has attracted commentary on its Utopian aspects.  The explicitly socialist economy of Oz has been contrasted to other fantasy projections of socialist societies, like Edward Bellamy’s Looking Backward (1888) and William Morris’s News from Nowhere (1890).  How far such analyses and comparisons should be pursued is, of course, open to debate; as Baum writes of the social structure of Oz in Chapter Three, p. 31, “I do not suppose such an arrangement would be practical with us….”  There are also strong similarities between The Emerald City of Oz (and to a certain extent the other Oz books) and the 1915 feminist utopia Herland (novel) by Charlotte Perkins Gilman.  Today probably best known for The Yellow Wallpaper, Gilman was, like Baum, a newspaper editor who used her publication as a platform for social reform.  The literary connection between Gilman and Baum is thought to be another campaigning newspaper editor, Matilda Joslyn Gage, the women’s rights activist who happened to be the mother of Baum’s wife, Maud Gage Baum.  Sally Roesch Wagner of The Matilda Joslyn Gage Foundation published The Wonderful Mother of Oz describing how Matilda Gage’s feminist politics were sympathetically channelled by her son-in-law into his Oz books.

Gregory Maguire, the author of the revisionist Oz novels Wicked and Son of a Witch, has written that The Emerald City of Oz “is suffused with an elegiac quality” and compares its tone with that of The Last Battle, the final volume of C. S. Lewis’ Chronicles of Narnia.

The Forbidden Fountain that Baum introduces in this book recurs in ensuing Oz books, by him and by his various successors.  The Fountain is an important feature in The Magic of Oz (1919), The Forbidden Fountain of Oz (1980), The Wicked Witch of Oz (1993), and Paradox in Oz (1999).

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

At the beginning of this story, it is made quite clear that Dorothy Gale (the primary protagonist of many of the previous Oz books), is in the habit of freely speaking of her many adventures in the Land of Oz to her only living relatives, her Aunt Em and Uncle Henry.  Neither of them believes a word of her stories, but consider her a dreamer, as her dead mother had been.  She is undeterred.

Later, it is revealed that the destruction of their farmhouse by the tornado back in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz has left Uncle Henry in terrible debt.  In order to pay it, he has taken out a mortgage on his farm.  If he cannot repay his creditors, they will seize the farm, thus leaving Henry and his family homeless.  He is not too afraid for himself, but both he and his wife, Aunt Em, fear very much for their niece’s future.  Upon learning this, Dorothy quickly arranges with Princess Ozma to let her bring her guardians to Oz where they will be happier and forever safe.  Using the Magic Belt (a tool captured from the jealous Nome King Roquat), Ozma transports them to her throne room.  They are given rooms to live in and luxuries to enjoy, including a vast and complex wardrobe, and meet with many of Dorothy’s old friends, including the Cowardly Lion and Billina the Yellow Hen.

In the underground Nome Kingdom, the Nome King Roquat is plotting to conquer the Land of Oz and recover his magic belt, which Dorothy took from him in Ozma of Oz.  General Blug suggested that King Roquat have their forces dig a tunnel under the Deadly Desert.  After ordering the expulsion of General Blug (who will not agree to such an attack due to the powers of Princess Ozma) and the death of Colonel (who also refuses) where he was sliced thin in a torture chamber and fed to a bunch of Seven-Headed Dogs, King Roquat holds counsel with a veteran soldier called Guph.  Guph believes that against the many magicians of Oz (the reputation of which has grown in the telling), the Nome Army has no chance alone. He, therefore, sets out personally to recruit allies from other parts of Nonestica.

Dorothy, accompanied by the Wizard of Oz and several other friends, departs the Emerald City in a carriage drawn by the Wooden Sawhorse, intending to give her aunt and uncle a tour of the land.  Many of the people encountered have never been seen in other books:

The living cut-out paper dolls created by an immortal called Miss Cuttenclip.

The anthropomorphic jigsaw puzzles known as the Fuddles.

The loquacious Rigmaroles.

The paranoid Flutterbudgets.

The living kitchen utensils of Utensia.

The anthropomorphic pastries of Bunbury.

The civilized rabbits of Bunnybury.

A zebra who holds geographical disputes with a soft-shell crab.

Other figures, more familiar to readers of previous books, include the Tin Woodman and the Scarecrow, as well as the four tribes of Oz (the Munchkins, the Quadlings, the Gillikins, and the Winkies).

The Nome General Guph visits three nations:

The Whimsies are a large and hulking race but possess disproportionately small heads the size of doorknobs.  This causes other species to call them stupid, stripping them of any self-esteem.  To deny this, the Whimsies wear enormous, luridly designed masks that cover all of their heads.  Their Chief agrees to the deal and sends Guph on his way.  The Chief of the Whimsies hopes that when the Nome King reclaims his Magic Belt, he can use its magic to make their heads the size of the masks they wear.

The Growleywogs are muscular giants, possessing no surplus flesh and no mercy.  They are arrogant and cruel. Their Grand Gallipoot agrees to the deal in exchange that they grant them 20,000 slaves from the Land of Oz.  As such, they are eager not only to help the Nomes conquer Oz but also to secretly subjugate the Nomes as well.  Of the latter plan, they say nothing and send Guph on his way.

Last of his meetings is that which is with the mysterious, diabolical Phanfasms of Phantastico.  To Guph, the Phanfasms resemble hairy men but have the heads of various carnivorous mammals, birds, and reptiles. Their true forms, number, standard of living, culture, and extent of influence remain unknown to both Guph and the reader, although both receive hints in the narrative.  The first Phanfasm that Guph encountered was one with the head of an owl after getting past the scarlet alligator on the bridge.  Their bear-headed leader called the First and Foremost agrees to the deal so that they can make people unhappy.  The Phanfasms tell him that they will conquer Oz alongside the other armies, but they have a secret plan to turn traitor and dominate their allies.  Of the latter plan, they say nothing and send Guph on his way.

Having learned of this through Ozma’s omniscient Magic Picture, the people of Oz become worried.  As the Nomes dig a tunnel for the combined armies to get under the Deadly Desert to the heart of the Emerald City, Ozma uses her Magic Belt to wish for a large amount of dust to appear in the tunnel.  Upon emerging, the Nome King’s allies, therefore, drink thirstily from the nearby Fountain of Oblivion, whose waters make them forget their evil plans.  The Nome King himself avoids the drink but is thrown into the fountain by the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman, which erases his memory too.

Ozma uses the Magic Belt to send the Nome King and his allies back to their respective lands.  To forestall a future invasion of Oz, Glinda the Good Witch uses a magic charm to render Oz invisible and unreachable to everyone except those within the land itself.

Read more about The Emerald City Of Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.   

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1910 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.  

Books: The Road To Oz By L. Frank Baum

1909 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here.  

About The Road To Oz

The Road to Oz is the fifth of L. Frank Baum’s Land of Oz books.  It was originally published on July 10, 1909 and documents the adventures of Dorothy Gale’s fourth visit to the Land of Oz.

The book was dedicated to Joslyn Stanton Baum, the author’s first grandson, the child of Baum’s eldest son Frank Joslyn Baum.

Publication

The sales figures of Baum’s other fantasy novels always lagged behind his Oz novels; it has therefore been theorized that the guest appearances of his non-Oz characters in The Road to Oz were a marketing ploy to raise interest in those other titles.

This is the only Oz book to be printed on coloured pages instead of with coloured pictures.  The coloured pages represent the signature colours of the various countries of Oz that Dorothy and her companions travel through on their way to the Emerald City.

The Tin Woodman’s garden features images of Dorothy and Toto, representing them as they first arrived in Oz.  The illustrator, John R. Neill, apparently takes this description literally, by causing the statues to resemble the illustrations made by his predecessor, W.W. Denslow.  This is in contrast to the “real” Dorothy, who is drawn here much as she is drawn in all of the Oz books illustrated by Neill.  It is implied that she is amused by the differences present; she has apparently lost weight, as well as changed her attire.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

While Dorothy Gale is at home in Kansas one day, she and her pet dog Toto meet the Shaggy Man who comes walking past the Gale farm.  He is a friendly, yet slightly senile hobo with an optimistic, carefree mentality.  He politely asks Dorothy for directions to Butterfield, which is the nearest town on the prairie.  The girl agrees to show him the way, bringing her dog with her.  Further on, the road splits into seven paths.  They take the seventh one and soon find themselves lost in what appears to be another dimension.  The trio meets Button-Bright, a cute and wealthy little boy in a sailor’s outfit who is always getting lost.  Later, the companions encounter Polychrome, the beautiful and ethereal Daughter of the Rainbow who is stranded on earth.  Polychrome explains that she accidentally fell off her father’s bow while dancing on it.  The bow ascended into the atmosphere and back into the clouds before she was able to climb her way back on it, thus being left behind.

Dorothy, Toto, the Shaggy Man, Button-Bright, and Polychrome eventually come to the peculiar town of Foxville, where anthropomorphic foxes live.  With prompting from King Dox of Foxville, Dorothy deduces that she and Toto are obviously on another fairy adventure that will ultimately lead them to the magical Land of Oz, just in time for Princess Ozma’s royal birthday party (which is now acknowledged as August 21 by Oz fans, even though the book only refers to the 21st of the month, Dorothy having mentioned that the current month is August in another passage).  The king takes a particular liking to Button-Bright, whom he considers astute and clever due to his tabula rasa-like mind.  Believing that the human face does not suit one so clever, Dox gives him a fox’s head which he is unable to remove.  A similar event subsequently happens to the Shaggy Man, when King Kik-a-Bray of Dunkiton confers a donkey’s head upon him — also in reward for cleverness, even though it is implied that Foxville and Dunkiton exist at odds with one another.  Though both of them ask Dorothy to procure them invitations to Princess Ozma’s birthday party.

After meeting the Musicker, who produces music from his breath, and fighting off the Scoodlers, who fight by removing their own heads and throwing them at the travellers, Dorothy and her companions reach the edge of the fatal Deadly Desert completely surrounding Oz.  There, the Shaggy Man’s friend Johnny Dooit builds a sand-boat by which they may cross.  This is necessary, because physical contact with the desert’s sands, as of this book and Ozma of Oz (1907), will turn the travellers to dust.

Upon reaching Oz, Dorothy and her companions are warmly welcomed by the mechanical man Tik-Tok and Billina the Yellow Hen.  They proceed in the company to come in their travels to the Truth Pond where Button-Bright and the Shaggy Man regain their true heads by bathing in its waters.  They meet the Tin Woodman, the Scarecrow, and Jack Pumpkinhead who journey with them to the imperial capital called Emerald City for Ozma’s grand birthday bash.  Dorothy meets up with Ozma as her chariot is pulled in by the Cowardly Lion and the Hungry Tiger.

As preparations for Ozma’s birthday party are made, the guests include Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Woodman, Cowardly Lion, the Wizard of Oz, Jack Pumpkinhead, the Sawhorse, Tik-Tok, Billina, Jellia Jamb, Woggle-Bug, Hungry Tiger, the Good Witch of the North, Shaggy Man, Button-Bright, Polychrome, and characters from all over Nonestica (such as Santa Claus, a band of Ryls, and a bunch of Knooks from the Forest of Burzee, Queen Zixi of Ix, the Queen of Merryland, four wooden soldiers, and the Candy Man from Merryland, the Braided Man from Boboland’s Pyramid Mountain, the Queen of Ev, King Evoldo, and his nine siblings from the Land of Ev, King Bud and Princess Fluff from Noland, and John Dough, Chick the Cherub, and Para Bruin the Rubber Bear from Hiland and Loland) as well as invitations to King Dox, King Kik-a-Bray, and Johnny Dooit.  Though Princess Ozma couldn’t procure an invitation to the Musicker due to a chance that his uncontrollable vocal tic might arouse violence against him.  The Shaggy Man receives permission to stay in Oz permanently.  He is given, in addition to this, a new suit of clothes having bobtails in place of his former costume’s ragged edges, so that he may retain his name and identity.

After everyone has presented their gifts and feasted at a lavish banquet in Ozma’s honour, the Wizard of Oz demonstrates a method of using bubbles as transportation by which to send everyone home.  Polychrome is finally found by her rainbow family and she is magically lifted into the sky when she climbs back onto her bow.  Button-Bright goes home with Santa Claus in a soap bubble with the Sawhorse loaned to Santa Claus. Dorothy and Toto are finally wished back home to Kansas again by Ozma’s use of the Magic Belt.

Read more about The Road To Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.   

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1909 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.  

Books: Dorothy And The Wizard In Oz By L. Frank Baum

1908 first edition front cover image © John. R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia

You can download this book and the thirteen other fantasy books in the Oz series by L. Frank Baum via Project Gutenberg by clicking here

About Dorothy And The Wizard In Oz

Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz is the fourth book set in the Land of Oz written by L. Frank Baum and illustrated by John R. Neill.  It was published on June 18, 1908, and reunites Dorothy Gale with the humbug Wizard from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900).  This is one of only two of the original fourteen Oz books (the other being The Emerald City of Oz (1910), to be illustrated with watercolour paintings.

Baum, having resigned himself to writing a series of Oz books, set up elements of this book in the prior Ozma of Oz (1907).  He was not entirely pleased with this, as the introduction to Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz opens with the protest that he knows many tales of many lands, and hoped that children would permit him to tell them those tales.

Written shortly after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and around the time Baum moved to California, the book starts with an earthquake in California.  Dorothy and others are swallowed up by cracks in the earth and fall into a cavern, where they begin their adventures.

Very little of the story—six of the twenty chapters—actually takes place in Oz.  As in Ozma of Oz before it, and in some of the books after, Oz is not the land where the adventures take place, but the land the characters are seeking as a refuge from adventure.

The book was dedicated to Harriet Alvena Baum Neal, the author’s eldest sister.

Publication

Four years passed between the first and second Oz books (1900-4), and three between the second and third (1904-7).  By 1907, however, it was clear to Baum and to his publisher, Reilly & Britton, that the Oz books were more popular and sold better than any of Baum’s other works.  After 1907’s Ozma of Oz, Baum devoted more of his energies to Oz.  A 1906 contract between Baum and his publisher called for new Oz books at two-year intervals between 1907 and 1911.

In fact, Baum accelerated this schedule, producing Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz only a year after the previous book.  The effect of this effort on the quality of the resulting work can only be a matter of speculation, but commentators have noted that this fourth Oz book is darker and more troubling than usual.  In it, Baum violates his own standard of leaving out most elements that can disturb or frighten children.  In the first two-thirds of the book, Dorothy and her friends barely escape from an unrelenting succession of threatening magical countries.  In the company of the Wizard, Dorothy is a helpless little girl, given no opportunity to show her resourcefulness.  When Oz is finally reached, it is a bland goody-goody place with few positive events to offer.

The Plot

SPOILER ALERT: Skip this bit if you haven’t read the book and are planning to do so!

Dorothy Gale is gladly joining her Uncle Henry in California to visit relatives who live at Hugson’s Ranch, after their vacation from Australia in Ozma of Oz.  Dorothy meets Hugson’s nephew who is her second cousin, Zeb of Hugson’s Ranch.  Dorothy, Eureka (her cat) and Zeb are riding a buggy being pulled by a cab-horse named Jim when a violent earthquake strikes.  A crevice opens in the ground beneath them and they fall deep into the Earth.

Dorothy, Eureka, Jim, Zeb, and the buggy land in the underground Land of the Mangaboos, a race of vegetable people who grow on vines.  The Mangaboos accuse them of causing the earthquake, which has damaged many of their glass buildings.  Just as they are about to be sentenced to death by the Mangaboos, a hot air balloon randomly descends, and in the basket is the former Wizard of Oz, whom Dorothy last saw as he floated away into the sky from the Emerald City at the end of the earlier book The Wizard of Oz.

The Wizard demonstrates his (humbug) magic powers, first, by “conjuring” nine tiny, mouse-sized piglets (actually taking them from his pocket by sleight-of-hand), and then, by lighting a fire, which is a phenomenon unknown to the Mangaboos.  Impressed, the Mangaboo prince gives him a temporary job as a court wizard, but the death sentence is only postponed until a new, native Mangaboo wizard grows ripe enough to serve.  Eureka asks for permission to eat one of the piglets, but the Wizard angrily refuses to allow this.  The Mangaboo people eventually drive the travellers out of their country into a dark tunnel, which leads to another kingdom.

They pass through the tunnel into a beautiful green valley.  They enter a seemingly empty cottage and are welcomed by invisible people, for they have entered the Valley of Voe, whose inhabitants are able to remain invisible by eating a magic fruit and use their invisibility to hide from marauding bears.  In order to avoid being eaten by the bears, the travellers move on.

The companions climb Pyramid Mountain, and meet the Braided Man, a manufacturer of holes, flutters (guaranteed to make any flag flutter on a windless day), and rustles for silk dresses.  After exchanging gifts with him, the travellers continue upwards into the Land of the Gargoyles, which are hostile, silent, flying monsters made of wood.  The travellers are able, at first, to repel their attack successfully because the Gargoyles are frightened by loud noises.  However, the travellers are soon out of breath and unable to make more noise, so the Gargoyles capture them.  After recuperating from the fight, the travellers manage to escape and enter another tunnel.

After a close encounter with a family of baby dragons, they find themselves trapped in a cave with no exit.  The Wizard, Zeb, and the animals all fear that they will die of thirst, but Dorothy reveals that she has an arrangement with Princess Ozma: each day at four o’clock, Ozma uses her magic picture to see what Dorothy is doing, and if Dorothy gives a certain visual hand-signal, Ozma will use her magic belt to transport Dorothy out of danger to the Emerald City.  In this way, the travellers are rescued.

Soon after renewing his acquaintance with the Emerald City staff and making the acquaintance of Ozma and her courtiers, the Wizard elects to remain in Oz permanently, planning to learn real magic from Glinda the good witch.  He demonstrates his piglet-trick in a magic show and gives one of the piglets to Ozma as a pet.  The others stay for an extended visit, whose highlights include a race between the wooden Saw-Horse and Jim, which the Sawhorse wins.  Eureka is accused of eating Ozma’s pet piglet.  In fact, Eureka is innocent and the piglet is alive and well, but the obstinate Eureka enjoys being the centre of the court’s attention and does not try to prove her innocence until the trial is over.  After the piglet is returned to Ozma, and Zeb and Jim decide they’ve had enough of fairyland, Ozma then uses the Magic Belt to send Dorothy and Eureka back to Kansas, and Zeb and Jim back to California.

Read more about The Dorothy And The Wizard in Oz here.

The above articles were sourced from Wikipedia and are subject to change.

Blog Posts

Notes And Links

The 1908 first edition front cover image shown at the top of this page is © John R. Neill and is in the Public Domain via Wikipedia.

Project Gutenberg – Project Gutenberg is an online library of free e-books and was the first provider of free electronic books.  Michael Hart, the founder of Project Gutenberg, invented e-books in 1971 and his memory continues to inspire the creation of them and related content today.

The Wonderful Wiki of Oz – Official website.  A wonderful and welcoming encyclopedia of all things Oz that anyone can edit or contribute Oz-related information and Oz facts to enjoy.

The Oz Archive on Facebook – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Twitter – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on Instagram – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.

The Oz Archive on TikTok – Archiving and celebrating the legacy of Oz.